The scientific lecture with the title of "Climate change, drought spread and their effects on aquaculture" was presented by Dr. Shahram Behmanesh in the conference hall of the National Inland Water Aquaculture Institute. Climate change and drought are one of the seven factors that affect the world. Drought and uncontrolled over abstraction of groundwater in recent years has created many problems for the country. Groundwater depletion, land subsidence due to overdrafting groundwater, changing water quality, declining agricultural production, declining fisheries and aquaculture products and issues such as migration of villagers to cities, living in the slum, unemployment and other social problems are some of the issues that can be mentioned. However, climate change and drought have had irreversible effects such as floods and runoff, rising temperatures and, consequently, increased surface evaporation and changes in the flora and fauna of water resources and rivers, and many other changes. In fact, drought as a natural phenomenon, like other natural phenomena can be predicted and controlled with the help of knowledge, awareness, planning and proper management, and with proper management, the damage caused by it can be minimized. By planning appropriate projects and appropriate future research, the field of sustainable aquaculture can be programmed. Research on projects such as intensive fish farming of individual species in earthen and concrete ponds, implementation of the partial harvesting method, implementation of the partitioned aquaculture system, implementation of different aquaculture and adaptation models in aquaculture farms, implementation of mechanization projects in farms, use of bioremediation materials to maintain water quality and reduce water exchange rate, use of unconventional water sources and brackish water for farming and many other projects can be a positive step in counteracting this phenomenon.