Abstract
The coastal area is the place where water and land meet and the common season of functioning of two ecosystems with different characteristics. The coastal environment is a naturally evolved system and includes the most complex and at the same time the richest productive ecosystems on the planet. that this area is a transitional and highly vulnerable area, and since it receives land and sea pollutants, it is under constant threat from the accumulation of pollutants. The pollution of the seas and the effect of land-based activities, which is the result of economic-social development in the coastline and its watersheds, is one of the most important issues in most regions of the world, which directly affects coastal habitats. . In this research, which was conducted between 2016 and 2016, it was based on the basic landform map (1:25000) and information verification by field survey with the aim of investigating the geomorphology and coastal landforms of the coastal provinces of the country. 13 geomorphological landforms have been identified and separated in the coastal region of Khuzestan province, 22 geomorphological landforms in Bushehr province, 22 geomorphological landforms in the coastal region of Hormozgan province, and 22 geomorphological landforms in the coastal region of Sistan and Baluchistan province. Simultaneously with the implementation of this project, in order to monitor the stocks of benthic animals in the waters of the Persian Gulf and the Sea of Oman, to calculate the amount of catch per unit area and live mass of benthic animals, using the Ferdous 1 research vessel, equipped with a bottom trawl net from the western waters of Khuzestan province. 00°49°E longitude) to Goatar Gulf in the waters of Sistan and Baluchistan province (25°61°E longitude) was implemented. The whole studied area was divided into 17 areas A to Q, 10 of which are in the Persian Gulf (A to J) and 7 areas are in the Sea of Oman (K to Q), and the depths are 10 to 50 meters in the Persian Gulf and 10 to 50 meters in the Sea of Oman. Depths of 10 to 100 meters were covered. Due to the size of the regions, during the four-year period of this study, about 288 stations in the Oman Sea and 274 stations in the Persian Gulf were covered for sampling in the form of a stratified random sampling plan. The amount of live mass and the average catch per unit area of Kafzian stocks were calculated using the swept area method. In order to match the information and data of coastal and bed geomorphology, it was tried to investigate and determine the relationship of deposits based on different water layers and separately for each province. Based on the results obtained from the amount of living mass of aquatic fish in shallow trawl fishing, it was found that the share of the Persian Gulf in the density of sea fish was equal to 71440.5 tons and 58.4% of the total living mass. In this research, the highest amount of total living mass, commercial and non-commercial carp in the Oman Sea in the areas of Sirik to Maidani in Hormozgan province and in the Persian Gulf, respectively, in the areas of Bardkhon to Deir from the fishing grounds of Bushehr province and Bandar Abbas to Sirk from the fishing grounds west of Hormozgan province was observed. The lowest amount of total living mass, commercial and non-commercial crustaceans was observed in the western areas of Khuzestan up to Doha Dilam. In the Persian Gulf, the highest amount and abundance for all aquatic animals was found in the fishing areas of Hormozgan province, as well as the lowest average value and the lowest abundance. Aquatic species were observed in the western region of Khuzestan up to Doha Dilam in Khuzestan province and after that in the region of Breis, Pasbandar and Goater in Sistan and Baluchistan province. The results regarding the abundance and density of shallow aquatic habitats are completely consistent with the diversity of coastal landforms in the provinces.
Keywords: Coastal geomorphology, Sensitive and vulnerable ecosystems, Aquatics stocks, Persian Gulf, Gulf of Oman